Similar to 明治維新以前に日本に入国した欧米人の一覧

Emporium (antiquity)

1970s energy crisis

European Economic Area

European Free Trade Association

Old Spanish Trail (trade route)

Foreign settlement

Blockade#Close, distant and loose blockades

Piracy

Golden Age of Piracy

Overseas Chinese

Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Prussian-Hessian Customs Union

Caravanserai

Kilwa Sultanate

Silver standard#The relative value of silver and gold

Kula ring